README.TXT Driver File Contents (bm95_31.zip)

Tyan 32-bit PCI IDE Bus Master Miniport Driver 
TIDE Version V3.10
Copyright (C) 1995-1997 TYAN Computer


+--------------------+
| Table of Contents: |
+--------------------+
A..........Features
A1.........System Resources
A2.........Bugs fixed and added features
B..........Driver Requirements
C..........Installation Procedures
D..........Removing the Driver
E..........Bus Master Knowledge Background
F..........Frequently Asked Questions (Please read this section)
G..........Devices Tested
H..........Tips On Performance

+----------+
| Features |
+----------+
This miniport driver has the following features.

1. It's a 32-bit miniport driver for Windows 95.

2. It supports Ultra DMA mode 2, 1, and 0 i.e. 33MB/s.
   Only motherboards that have PIIX4 PCI chipset and up cna support Ultra DMA.

3. It supports Multiword DMA mode 1 and DMA mode 2 i.e. Bus Mastering.

4. It supports PIO mode 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.

5. It supports IDE hard disk as well as ATAPI IDE CD-ROM in protected mode.

6. It uses synchronize transfer method.

7. It identifies the hard disk and CD-ROM with the correct model number.

8. It supports CHS and LBA parameters.

9. It supports MPEG CD format.

However, this bus master driver does not support the followings.
1. Please notice that not all the IDE hard disks support bus mastering.
   If your hard disk does not support DMA transfer, please do not install
   the driver.

2. It does not support any Disk Manager software. Since the Titan series
   support the LBA parameters for the hard disks, you should ALWAYS use LBA
   parameters if the hard disks are larger than 528MB and never use the Disk
   Manager.

3. It does not support AT type of CD-ROM, only ATAPI CD-ROM.

4. It supports ATA/ATA2/EIDE hard disk but it does not support pre-ATA hard 
    disk.

5. It does not support single word DMA transfer because many PIO mode 2 hard
   disks have timing problem.

6. It does not support multiword DMA mode 0 because it's too slow compare 
   with the corresponding PIO mode.

+------------------+
| System Resources |
+------------------+
These are the resources that the bus master driver uses under Windows 95.

Setup will copy tynbmide.mpd driver to \windows\system\iosubsys directory.

I/O Addresses:
      Primary IDE channel   : 1F0 - 1F7, 3F6 - 3F6
      Secondary IDE channel : 170 - 177, 376 - 376

IRQs or Interrupts:
      Primary IDE channel   : 14
      Secondary IDE channel : 15

Bus Master Base Memory Addresses: 
      Award BIOS: 
            Primary IDE channel   : 3000 - 3007 or 9000-9007
            Secondary IDE channel : 3008 - 300F or 9008-900F
      
      AMI BIOS:
            Primary IDE channel   : 8000 - 8007  or FFA0 - FFA7
            Secondary IDE channel : 8008 - 800F  or FFA8 - FFAF

      Mr. BIOS: 
            Primary IDE channel   : 1000 - 1007
            Secondary IDE channel : 1008 - 100F


For more detail information, please read the Bus Master Knowledge Background.

+-------------------------------+
| Bugs fixed and added features |
+-------------------------------+
1. We've added multi-sector support for the PIO mode.

2. Yes, now the driver supports Titan Pro AT, Titan Pro ATX, Titan VX, Titan
   I, II, II, and Tomcat I & II and all the current motherboard that use PIIX,
   PIIX2, PIIX3, and PIIX4 PCI chipset.

3. You should do the DMA timing test for your hard disk before installing the
   driver. Also you should backup your registery data. Please read the 
   installation procedures for more detail.

4. We've added the MPEG CD format support. Now the driver can play the MPEG CD.  

5. Fixed the auto-play Audio CD problem for some CD-ROM models such as 
   Toshiba and GoldStar CD-ROMs.

6. Added the instruction of removing the driver through REGEDIT.EXE utility.
   Please read the section, removing the driver, for more detail.

7. Allocate some memory to store scatter/gather list to speed up performance.

8. We've taken out the bus master testing utility due to the fact that
   many hard disk models do have firmware problems. Tyan is not a hard disk
   manufacturer and we do not want to support those hard disks that have 
   firmware problems. From now on, we will assume that the hard disk 
   manufacturers have correctly implemented the multiword DMA protocol 
   and the bus master driver will use the DMA timing if the hard disks 
   support it. 

9. Yes, the driver now supports Mr. BIOS (V3.3) from Microid.


+----------------------+
| Driver Requirements  |
+----------------------+
Before installing the driver, there are some issues that we need to 
address. We've noticed many old hard disks have firmware bugs. These 
hard disks do not implement the bus master protocols correctly. So we've 
decided to make some requirements for the hard disks to eliminate unnecessary 
problems associated with timing and firmware problems. If these requirements 
are not met, then the driver will do the PIO transfer instead of bus master 
transfer.

1. The hard disk must support Multiword DMA transfer mode 1 or mode 2.
   Single word DMA will not be supported at this time because single word
   DMA is too slow compare with its corresponding PIO mode. Basically, if 
   your hard disk supports PIO mode 3 then it should also support multiword 
   DMA mode 1. And PIO mode 4 should support multiword DMA mode 2.

2. The hard disk must use LBA parameters if the number of cylinder of the
   hard disk is greater than 1024 or your hard disk is larger than 528MB.

3. Please use the normal CHS parameter instead of LBA parameter if the 
   number of cylinder of the hard disk is less than 1024 or the size of the                  
   hard disk is less than 528Mb. Even if the drive supports LBA.

4. The driver only works on Tyan's motherboards.

+-------------------------+
| Installation Procedures |
+-------------------------+
Please follow the steps below to properly install the 32-bit Bus Master PCI 
IDE miniport driver for Windows 95. 

1. Unzip the zip file to a diskette. Don't unzip this with the patch
   files for Tomcat to the same directory.

2. For those who have already installed V1.0 or V1.1, you can must delete
    all the old oemX.inf file associated with old bus master driver in the 
    \windows\inf directory. For more detail, please read the removing driver
    section. For those who have already installed the V1.5, you can simply
    copy the tynbmide.mpd to the \windows\system\iosubsys directory without
    going through the installation process.

3. REM out the MSCDEXE.EXE in the autoexec.bat file. Some memory manager
    software, such as QEMM, may interferes with the driver. If the bus master
    driver will not load, rem out the QEMM or change the stealth mode setting.

4. Perform a DMA timing test, press F8 key to bypass Win95 and boot to DOS 
   prompt. Do not perform the test under Windows environment.

   Type DEBUG at the DOS prompt. Then enter the following to test your hard 
   disk's DMA protocol timing.

   To test the primary IDE channel, enter the following. Press Enter before
   the --- mark. The first character of each line is O as in output not zero.
   
O 1F6 A0    --- A-Zero is for master drive, use B0 for the slave drive
O 1F2 21    --- 22 is for DMA mode 2 (PIO mode 4), use 21 for DMA mode 1 (PIO mode 3)
            --- use 42 for ultra DMA mode 2, 41 for ultra DMA mode 1, and 40 for ultra DMA mode 0.
O 1F1 03    --- Zero-3 is to program the hard disk timing
O 1F7 EF    --- EF is the set feature command for the hard disk
I 1F1       --- this reads in the error status

If you get a number of 00 after I 1f1, then your hard disk accepts the
multiword DMA protocol timing that you've programmed in the O 1f2 statement. 
If you get a number of 04, then it means the hard disk can not do bus 
mastering. In that case, do not install the driver.
 
Normally, a PIO mode 3 hard disk should support multiword DMA mode 1 and a 
PIO mode 4 should support multiword DMA mode 2. If you have a PIO mode 4
drive but it does not support multiword DMA mode 2 then most likely the
hard disk probably has firmware problem. Contact the hard disk manufacturer,
and verify the firmware version with them.

To test the secondary IDE channel, enter the following. Press Enter before
the --- mark.

O 176 A0    --- A0 is for master drive, use B0 for the slave drive
O 172 21    --- 22 is for DMA mode 2, use 21 for DMA mode 1
            --- use 42 for ultra DMA mode 2, 41 for ultra DMA mode 1, and 40 for ultra DMA mode 0.
O 171 03    --- 03 is to program the hard disk timing
O 177 EF    --- EF is the set feature command for the hard disk
I 171       --- this is to read in the error status

If you get a number of 00 after I 1f1, then your hard disk accepts the
DMA protocol timing that you've programmed in the O 1f2 statement. If you
get a number of 04, then it means the hard disk can not do bus mastering. In
that case, do not install the driver.

5. Backup the registry information, so in case your hard disk can not use
   the bus mastering then you can just restore the original registry.

    type the following in the windows 95 directory

    copy system.dat system.bak
    copy user.dat user.bak

6. Boot to Windows 95 and click on the following.
   My Computer icon -> right mouse button -> properties ->
   Device Manager -> hard disk controller -> select Intel PIIX driver for 
   Titan motherboard or Standard PCI IDE for Tomcat -> Remove the original 
   PIO driver from Microsoft -> Restart the system

6A. If you have a new version of the Windows 95, you may encounter the following
    problem. After rebooting, Windows 95 will re-install the Micosoft IDE 
    driver again without asking the manufacturer disk from you. In that case,
    simply move the file mshdc.inf from \windows\inf directory to a different
    directory. Then remove the original IDE driver again as described in step
    6. Then after installing the bus master driver successfully, you move the
    mshdc.inf file back to the \windows\inf directory.

7. After rebooting, Windows 95 will find a new PCI IDE controller in your 
   system and a New Hardware Found window will pop out and ask you to pick a
   driver to install. Select "Driver from disk provided by hardware 
   manufacturer." Then put driver diskette from step 1 in A: drive and click 
   OK to continue. The driver shall install automatically. After copying, 
   Windows 95 will ask to restart. But if you have any device on the secondary 
   IDE channel, do not shutdown. Just answer NO and Windows 95 will install 
   the bus master driver for the secondary IDE channel. Finally shutdown and 
   restart the system.

8. If you have removable IDE drive, you need to change the properties
   of the removable drive under Disk Drive section in the DEVICE MANAGER
   applet. In the setting folder, please check the REMOVABLE box then select
   OK to reboot the system again. In addition, you need to add the statement,
   REMOVABLEIDE=TRUE in the [386enh] section of the system.ini file.

9. You can  check to see if the driver is properly loaded by checking the 
   performance applet within the properties of your computer. It should use
   32-bit virtual memory and 32-bit file system. Also, check the hard disk 
   controller in the DEVICE MANAGER. You should not have a cross or exclamation 
   point in front of primary and secondary driver. For the people that install 
   the secondary IDE driver but do not have any device hook up to the secondary 
   IDE channel, you will get the exclamation mark for the 2nd driver. But don't
   worry about it, all it means is that you do not have a device hooked up to 
   the 2nd IDE channel.

+---------------------+
| Removing the Driver |
+---------------------+
There are 4 ways of removing this miniport driver.

1. Before install the driver, you should back up the registry data described
   in the step 5 of the Installation procedure.

   If in case the driver fails to load, and you want to remove it.
   Boot to Command Prompt by pressing F8 key when you see "Starting Windows 95"
   Then go to the windows 95 directory and type the following.

   attrib -h -r -s system.dat
   attrib -h -r -s user.dat
   copy system.bak system.dat
   copy user.bak user.dat

   Then delete the OEMX.INF file that correspon to the bus master driver.
   Read step 2 for the definition of the OEMX.INF file.

2. Permanently: Go to the INF directory under your Windows 95 directory. This
is a hidden directory and you must change the VIEW OPTION to view all the
files and directories in order to see this directory. Look for the OEMX.INF 
file that has the strings ";setup file for Tyan 32bit PCI IDE Bus Master 
driver" in the beginning of the file. X is the number assigned by Windows 95, 
so we can not tell you which number is being assigned to the file. It could 
be OEM1.INF or OEM5.INF, so you have to look through every OEM.INF
file. Moreover, you may have more than one INF file, if you install the driver 
more than once. Delete the file tynbmide.mpd in the \windows\system\iosubsys 
directory. Finally, in the device manager, remove Tyan's 32bit bus master 
driver.

3. Using the Registry Editor:
   Run REGEDIT.EXE in your windows directory. Delete the following directory
   
   Hkey_Local_Machine ->Enmu -> MF
   
   Hkey_Local_Machine -> Enmu -> PCI -> VEN_8086&DEV_7111  (For PIIX 4 chipset)

   Hkey_Local_Machine -> Enmu -> PCI -> VEN_8086&DEV_7010  (For PIIX 3 chipset)
   
   Hkey_Local_Machine -> Enmu -> PCI -> VEN_8086&DEV_1230  (For PIIX chipset)
   
   Hkey_Local_Machine -> System -> CurrentControlSet -> Services -> Class
                      -> hdc -> remove the folders under hdc that correspon
                      to the bus master driver. You should remove at least
                      3 folders here. If you install the driver more than 
                      once, you will have more than 3 folders under the 
                      "hdc".

       Read the Device Desc on the right hand windows. If you see the
       following, "Tyan 32bit PCI EIDE Bus Master Driver", "Primary PCI
       Bus Master driver (dual fifo)", "Secondary PCI Bus Master Driver
       (dual fifo)", then delete the folder on the left hand side that 
       corresponds to the Device Desc description on the right hand side.

   Finally delete the OEMX.INF files and reboot the system.

4. If the above steps do not work for you, then re-run the Win95 setup.
   The setup will not destroy your old software but it will correct the
   system registry. But make sure you delete the OEMX.INF file first.

+---------------------------------+ 
| Bus Master Knowledge Background |
+---------------------------------+
What is bus mastering?

Similar to the SCSI devices, bus master IDE uses the DMA and memory 
scatter/gather implementation to reduce the CPU overhead and the bus 
utilization. Unlike the PIO(programmed input/output) transfer method where 
the CPU has to program all the transfer from/to the memory, the bus master 
chip on the Tyan's motherboards actually do the transfer of the data. Thus 
reduce the CPU overhead up to 90%. 

The advantage of the bus master transfer can be seen in a multi-task
environment. For example, two programs are running at the same time. One
program just does a CPU intensive calculation while the other program only 
does file transfer. In a PIO transfer environment, the CPU uses most of 
its power either doing the file transfer or the calculation. As a result, 
the PIO method either slows down the calculation program or slows down the 
file transfer process depending on the priority of the processes. Whereas in 
a bus master environment, the bus master chip actually does the file transfer 
so the CPU can do more calculation thus increase the overall performance.

Definition:
Ultra DMA mode 2     =  33MB burst transfer rate
Ultra DMA mode 1     =  22MB burst transfer rate
Ultra DMA mode 0     =  16MB burst transfer rate
Multiword DMA mode 2 = 16.7MB burst transfer rate
Multiword DMA mode 1 = 13.3MB burst transfer rate
PIO mode 0 & 1 -> Boy, you still have those drives!
PIO mode 2 = 8.3MB burst transfer rate
PIO mode 3 = 11.3MB burst transfer rate
PIO mode 4 = 16.7 MB burst transfer rate


+----------------------------+
| Frequently asked Questions |
+----------------------------+
Q: I can not remove the original Intel PIIX driver.
A: 1. The Intel PIIX driver is not loaded in the memory. So when Win95 try to
      remove the driver from the memory the system will hang.
   2. Don't set the hard disk parameter to AUTO in the BIOS setup. Instead, 
      do an auto-detection for the hard disk.
   
Q: I can not install the bus master driver.
A: 1. Make sure you remove the old hard disk controller driver in the DEVICE 
   MANAGER first. Also make sure that you remove the old OEMX.INF file in
   the INF sub-directory under you Windows 95 directory. Read "Removing
   the driver" section for more detail on how to remove the oem.inf file.
   2. Only Tyan's motherboard can use the TIDE driver.

Q: I have a exclamation point in front of my bus master driver. What does it
   mean?
A: The exclamation point means 5 things.
   1. There is no device attached to that particular IDE channel.
   2. The driver fails to identify the device on that channel.
   3. There is a device resource conflict in the system.
   4. A real mode driver in either config.sys, autoexec.bat, or system.ini
      has gotten control of the IDE devices. Thus the protected driver can
      not be loaded.
   5. Re-run the setup of Win95, that will usually solve the problem.

Q: My system hangs and I can not boot to Win95.
A: 1. Your C: drive probably have firmware problem or timing problem.
   2. You should take out 32bitdiskaccess=on in the system.ini file.
   3. If you have a CD-ROM and a hard disk to the same IDE channel, make the
      hard disk as the master and the CD-ROM as the slave drive.

Q: I have a cross in front of my bus master driver.
A: This means that the driver is being disabled. Change the driver's property
   and check the "Original configuration (current)" box to re-load the 
   driver.

Q: Windows 95 can not find the CD-ROM after warm boot.
A: Many CD-ROM does not reset properly with warm boot. In that case, press
   the reset button after shutting down the computer.

Q: During the boot-up process, the horizontal line underneath the Windows 95
   stop for a while. What is going on here!?
A: 1. This is when the bus master driver is sending an Atapi CD-ROM reset 
      signal and is waiting for the CD-ROM to respond. Some CD-ROMs respond 
      very slowly so you do have to put up with them.
   2. Please DO NOT install the mscdex.exe in the autoexec.bat file. Put the
   mscdex.exe in the DOSSTART.BAT file in the Windows 95 directory instead. 
   If you do not have DOSSTART.BAT file in your Windows 95 directory, then 
   create one. Refer to your Windows 95 manual for the usage of DOSSTART.BAT

Q: I can boot to Windows 95, but I can not access my 2nd, 3rd, or the 4th
   hard disk. Every time I open a DOS-Windows and type the drive letter,
   the system would hang.
A: Your hard disk can not do the bus master transfer. Remove the bus master
   driver in that case.

Q: My CD-ROM is not working under Windows 95.
A: 1. Some CD-ROMs require their CD-ROM drivers in the config.sys in order for
      the protected mode driver to properly identify the CD-ROM. But do NOT
      load the mscdex.exe in the autoexec.bat file.
   2. The bus master driver only supports ATAPI IDE CD-ROM. It does not 
      support the AT CD-ROM.

Q: I need to reboot to DOS to run some programs from the CD-ROM, but
   the CD-ROM is not responding after I boot to DOS. However, the CD-ROM is
   working under Windows 95.
A: 1. Make sure you load the CD-ROM's driver in the config.sys file.
   2. Check the file, DOSSTART.BAT, in the windows 95 directory. And make 
      sure you load the MSCDEX.EXE in this file.

Q: I have one CD-ROM as the master and a hard disk as a slave on the 
   secondary IDE channel. But I can not get the CD-ROM to work. 
A: Always put the CD-ROM as the slave and the hard disk as the master.   


+----------------+
| Devices Tested |
+----------------+
This bus master driver has being tested with the following devices.

Cinon   8X                      OK 
GoldStar 4x                     OK
Hitachi 4x                      OK
NEC 4x4                         Can only see one drive instead of four drive.
Mitsumi 2X                      OK
Mitsumi 4X                      OK
Mitsumi 6X                      OK
Plextor 4X                      OK
Sanyo   4X                      OK
Sony    2X                      OK
Sony    4X                      OK
Teac    56E                     OK
Toshiba 4X                      OK
Wearnes 8X                      OK


Hard Disk       PIO Mode        Multiword DMA mode   Bus Mastering
Conner 425MB    3               1                    OK
Conner 540MB    3               1                    OK
Conner 850MB    3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Conner 1275F    4               2                    OK
Conner 1275A    4               2                    OK
Fujitsu 1GB     4               2                    OK
Fujitsu 540MB   4               2                    OK
HP 1.6GB        4               2                    OK
IBM 540MB       3               1                    OK
IBM 1GB         4               2                    OK
Maxtor 850MB    3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Maxtor 71626A   3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Maxtor 71260AT  3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Maxtor 2GB      4               2                    Ok
NEC 1.6GB       3               1                    OK 
Quantum 1GB     4               2                    OK
Quantum 1.2GB   4               2                    OK
Quantum 730MB   3               1                    OK
Quantum 540MB   3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Quantum 345MB   3               1                    OK
Quantum 270MB   3               1                    bad, timing problem
Quantum 640MB   3               1                    OK
Quantum 850MB   3               1                    OK
Quantum 2.5GB (Sirroco)                              OK
Quantum 2.1GB (Big Foot)                             OK
Seagate 1GB     4               2                    OK 
Seagate 1.2GB   4               2                    OK   
Seagate 540MB   4               2                    OK
Seagate 850MB   3               1                    OK
Seagate 2.1GB   4               2                    OK
SyQuest EZ135MB 0               0                    PIO transfer only   
Western 31000   3               1                    bad, timing problem   
Western 31600   4               2                    bad
Western 21000   4               2                    OK
Western 21200   4               2                    OK
Western 640MB   3               1                    OK   
Western 540MB   3               1                    bad, firmware problem
Western 850MB   3               1                    OK
Western 700Mb   3               1                    OK   
Western 32100   4               2                    OK   

+---------------------+
| Tips on Performance |
+---------------------+
1. Always separate the hard disk from the CD-ROM.
2. Always separate the slow hard disk from the fast drive. If you attach a
   slow hard disk with a fast disk in the same channel, the PCI IDE will use
   a slow timing for that IDE channel.

For example, (Mode refer to PIO mode)
           Primary IDE Channel          Secondary IDE Channel
           Master       Slave           Master          Slave
Good       Mode 3       Mode 3          CD-ROM
Good       Mode 4                       Mode 1          CD-ROM
Good       Mode 4                       CD-ROM
Good       Mode 3                       Mode 0          CD-ROM
Good       Mode 4       Mode 4          CD-ROM                
Good       Mode 4       Mode 3          CD-ROM
Bad        Mode 4       CD-ROM          Mode 1
Bad        Mode 4       Mode 2          Mode 4          CD-ROM
Bad        Mode 3       CD-ROM          Mode 3


PS. Check out our WWW site at http://www.tyan.com for any update.

Download Driver Pack

How To Update Drivers Manually

After your driver has been downloaded, follow these simple steps to install it.

  • Expand the archive file (if the download file is in zip or rar format).

  • If the expanded file has an .exe extension, double click it and follow the installation instructions.

  • Otherwise, open Device Manager by right-clicking the Start menu and selecting Device Manager.

  • Find the device and model you want to update in the device list.

  • Double-click on it to open the Properties dialog box.

  • From the Properties dialog box, select the Driver tab.

  • Click the Update Driver button, then follow the instructions.

Very important: You must reboot your system to ensure that any driver updates have taken effect.

For more help, visit our Driver Support section for step-by-step videos on how to install drivers for every file type.

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